The years 1960-1961 was declared as Africa year by African people at home. In 1957 Kwame Nkuhmah had just led the Gold Coast as it was called by the European Colonist, to Independence and renamed it Ghana. This was a great celebration across the African world, including we as radical Rastafari people in Back o Wall and Akee Walk in Kingston Jamaica West Indies. As a result of Ghana becoming Ibndependent, every single Africa State in Mama Africa was very hopeful, and were also pushing for Independence. This was the same period of time when the Mau Mau movement went into the bushes in Kenya, and decided to fight for self determination of Kenya.

There were much downpression taking place across Mama Africa against African people by the Europeans, just because African people all over, were tired of being downpressed, and were resorting to radical activities, in order to acquire their freedom. In this same year seventyfive white policemen, fired more than 700 shots in a crowd of Black African people, in Sharpville Square in South Africa, killing sixty nine and wounding at least 180, most of them being shot in their backs. The slaughter of these honorable African people, took place because members the Pan African Congress, were having a peaceful demonstration, against the nasty stinking pass law, which was being executed against black people, in their own country of South Africa. 500,000 Africans were jailed each year, becauase they refused to carry pass card, which was invented by the white strangers, who had captured South Africa.

This period of time 1960 -1963 was a very serious time of harrassment of African people everywhere by Europeans, who have invaded Mama Africa. Nelson Mandela and others who worked and struggled together, were being killed and imprisoned. Brothers and sisters from the PAC were also being killed and imprisoned. However there was no turning back in this push for freedom by African people everywhere. There was struggle everywhere, Zimbabwe, Zambia, Mozambique, Angola, the Congo, where Patrice Lumumba was assasinated and everywhere in Mama Africa.

The time had come for us to establish the Organization of African Unity, so that we could push forward together as African people, for the self determination of African people everywhere. And so that speech, which I will call "Until" in this post, which was made by Ras Tafari Makonen, in that same period of harrassment and discrimination, against African people everywhere, 60-63, was made by an African head of state, on behalf of African people everywhere, and it was addressed to those downpressers, who were still making trouble in Mama Africa, and among African people everywhere. It was a warning to Europeans, not an invitation to invade the villages of African people.

Now give this some thoughts, Africa is still not free. so we must say Until. Europeans are still dominant in the Affairs of African people everywhere, so we must say Until. African people are still scattered in the western hemisphere, so must say Until. The Europeans have not yet put into practice Reparation on behalf of Mama Africa and her people everywhere, so we must say Until.
Repatriation has not been put into practice by the Europeans, on behalf of African people in the African Diaspora, so we must say Until.
Compensation has not been paid to Mama Africa to date, for the crimes committed against her a humanity, so must say Until. So until all of these things are accomplished, the color of a person's skin and the color of their eyes, will be of great significance to all of us as people, and until African people are allowed to practice their self determination without obstruction, there will be no unity among humanity.
Again I send many oceans of blessings and self determination to African people everywhere.
ONE BLACK LOVE ONE BLACK HEART
Baba Ras Marcus